abstract：:Neurological complications of antibiotics are relatively common in renal failure. Central nervous system neurotoxicity due to penicillin and beta-lactam antibiotics is best documented with fewer accounts of ototoxicity, peripheral nerve toxicity and neuromuscular blockade. In the context of risk stratification, the go...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Chow KM,Szeto CC,Hui AC,Li PK

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the results of a study on the activity of the farnesyl-pyrophosphate synthase inhibitor risedronate (Ris) in a murine model of acute Chagas' disease. This compound displays rapid, cytocidal activity in vitro against Trypanosoma cruzi, but its in vivo activity had not been investigated previously. A murine mo...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Garzoni LR,Waghabi MC,Baptista MM,de Castro SL,Meirelles Mde N,Britto CC,Docampo R,Oldfield E,Urbina JA

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the process of endourological development a variety of foreign bodies have been invented besides urinary catheters, on which biofilm can be formed. Bacteria in the biofilm are less susceptible to antibiotics. An additional problem of medical biomaterials in the urinary tract environment is the development of encrus...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Tenke P,Riedl CR,Jones GL,Williams GJ,Stickler D,Nagy E

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been previously demonstrated that some antimicrobial agents enhance activities of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). The effect on the release of cytokines in an inflammatory context from PMNs by these antibiotics was evaluated. We studied the effect of the release of some cytokines by human PMNs RT-PC...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Reato G,Cuffini AM,Tullio V,Mandras N,Roana J,Banche G,Foa R,Carlone NA

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A gerbil model of acute otitis media induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae plus Haemophilus influenzae was used to assess the efficacy of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (A/C) (1.5/0.3, 2.5/0.5 and 10/2 mg/kg) and erythromycin (2.5, 10, 20 and 50 mg/kg) with or without acetaminophen. The amoxicillin/clavulanic acid MIC was ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Parra A,Ponte C,Cenjor C,García-Olmos M,Giménez MJ,Aguilar L,Soriano F

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutants with oxazolidinone MICs, 2- to 16-fold higher than those of parents, were selected from two of five clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis during exposure to AZD2563, but only at frequencies of ca. 10(-8). Resistance was not selected in Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus or coagulase-negative stap...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Stockdale MW,Tysall L,Johnson AP,Livermore DM,Woodford N

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 18569 non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli consecutively collected as part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program were summarized. The isolates were tested by the broth microdilution method in three coordinator laboratories using comm...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Jones RN,Sader HS,Beach ML

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chequerboard technique was used to look for synergistic combinations of ceftazidime, imipenem and pefloxacin. The synergistic combinations were used in vivo in mice experimentally infected with Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In vitro ceftazidime/imipenem, ceftazidime/pefloxaci...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： El-Sukhon SN,Faiza Boukhatem Z

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficacy of amoxycillin-clavulanic acid (10 and 15 mg/kg amoxycillin) and erythromycin (20 and 50 mg/kg) was assessed in a gerbil model of otitis media with effusion induced by beta-lactamase-producing Haemophilus influenzae. Animals were divided into groups receiving acetaminophen concomitantly or not receiving i...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Parra A,Ponte C,Cenjor C,García-Olmos M,Giménez MJ,Aguilar L,Soriano F

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quinolone and macrolide resistance of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli mainly depend on a mutation in gyrA and in 23S rDNA, respectively. In order to detect quinolone and/or macrolide resistant C. jejuni and C. coli strains, a macrolide and quinolone line probe assay (MQ-LiPA) was developed and 42 C. jejuni...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Niwa H,Chuma T,Okamoto K,Itoh K

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical significance and management of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) differs according to different groups of patients. ASB requires antibiotic treatment in pregnant women, children aged 5-6 years and prior to invasive genitourinary procedures. However, there is a consensus that ASB in the elderly, healthy schoo...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Raz R

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spread of resistance to many antimicrobial agents in various microbial species has been highlighted by the World Health Organisation and many government agencies around the world. The reasons for this increase and spread are complex and are discussed. A number of surveillance studies has monitored the increase in ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Gums JG

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resistance to chemotherapy is a common clinical problem in patients with infectious diseases as well as in patients with cancer. During treatment of infections or malignant tumors, the drug targets of prokaryotic or eukaryotic microorganisms and neoplastic cells are often found to be refractory to a variety of drugs t...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Lage H

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural variants of phenylpiperidine selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (P-SSRIs) inhibited the function of two unique Staphylococcus aureus multidrug efflux pumps. The most active compound was the paroxetine isomer NNC 20-7052, which had an IC(50) for ethidium, acriflavine, and pyronin Y efflux of 9, 53, and ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Kaatz GW,Moudgal VV,Seo SM,Hansen JB,Kristiansen JE

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infestation with parasitic helminths is a common problem in human populations of third world countries and is ubiquitous in livestock and other domestic animals. The cell-membrane efflux pump, P-glycoprotein (Pgp), appears to contribute to anthelmintic resistance. Pgp have been identified from both phyla of parasitic ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Kerboeuf D,Blackhall W,Kaminsky R,von Samson-Himmelstjerna G

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetic profiles of single and repeated oral doses of telithromycin 800 mg/day were compared in patients with hepatic impairment and healthy subjects in two open-label, non-randomized, parallel-group, multicentre studies. The maximal plasma concentrations (Cmax) and the area under the plasma concentration-...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Cantalloube C,Bhargava V,Sultan E,Vacheron F,Batista I,Montay G

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent re-emergence of tuberculosis, especially the multidrug-resistant cases, has highlighted the importance of screening effective novel drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this study, the in vitro activities of small peptides isolated from snake venom were investigated against multidrug-resistant M. tu...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Xie JP,Yue J,Xiong YL,Wang WY,Yu SQ,Wang HH

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro activity of cephalexin-gentamicin combination by a microbroth chequerboard technique against clinical isolates of Edwardsiella tarda and Streptococcus iniae. Gentamicin was shown more susceptible than cephalexin against both bacteria. The effect of cephalexin-g...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Lim JH,Hwang YH,Park BK,Yun HI

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We employed an in-vivo pharmacokinetic/in-vitro pharmacodynamic method to simulate bacterial killing in plasma and the interstitium of skeletal muscle tissue after intravenous administration of 2 g of cefpirome and 8 g of fosfomycin alone and in combination to patients with sepsis. Interstitial antimicrobial concentra...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Zeitlinger MA,Marsik C,Georgopoulos A,Müller M,Heinz G,Joukhadar C

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on past information from the literature and our own review, it appears that imipenem can be used effectively as an initial empirical therapy of febrile neutropenia, as a monotherapy, even in patients with haematological malignancies. The response rate is outstanding in microbiologically documented infections, na...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Klastersky JA

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 89 patients, (>18 years), with symptoms of chronic prostatitis and inflammatory findings as well as the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis confirmed by DNA/RNA DIGENE hybridization method and/or by isolation, McCoy culture and Lugol stain in expressed prostatic secretion or in voided bladder urine collected ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Skerk V,Schönwald S,Krhen I,Banaszak A,Begovac J,Strugar J,Strapac Z,Vrsalovic R,Vukovic J,Tomas M

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile of 109 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from 32 healthy Korean infants was measured. The ability to show similar activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus was also looked for. Twelve of the 109 LAB showed activity against C. difficil...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Lee YJ,Yu WK,Heo TR

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study looked for beta-lactamase production in 100 Prevotella isolates. MICs were determined for amoxycillin, ticarcillin, amoxycillin+clavulanate, cephalothin, cefuroxime, cefixime, cefpodoxime and cefotaxime using the reference agar dilution method (standard M11 A4, NCCLS). Beta-lactamase activity was detected i...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Dubreuil L,Behra-Miellet J,Vouillot C,Bland S,Sedallian A,Mory F

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia occupies four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula, with a land area of 2 million square kilometres. Saudi Arabia holds a unique position in the Islamic world, as the custodian of the two holiest places of Islam, in Mecca and Medina. Annually, some 2 million Muslims from over 140 countries embar...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Memish ZA,Venkatesh S,Ahmed QA

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Each year, some 25-30 million international travellers from non-tropical regions visit malaria endemic countries. Up to 10,000 cases of malaria are imported into industrialised countries with an average case fatality rate of around 1%. Malaria still poses a real threat to travellers, particularly in areas with high tr...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Loutan L

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 300 Streptococcus pyogenes isolates, collected during 2001 from five hospitals in the Thessalia district (Central Greece), were examined for their resistance to macrolides. Resistance to erythromycin was detected in 58 isolates (19.3%). Of these, 68.9% were susceptible to clindamycin (M-phenotype) and carri...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Petinaki E,Kontos F,Pratti A,Skulakis C,Maniatis AN

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro activity of moxifloxacin was compared with that of penicillin G, amoxycillin/clavulanate, cefoxitin, erythromycin, clindamycin and metronidazole against 158 isolates associated with periodontal infections. MIC(50)/MIC(90) values of moxifloxacin were respectively 0.06/0.5 mg/l for Porphyromonas gingivalis ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Milazzo I,Blandino G,Musumeci R,Nicoletti G,Lo Bue AM,Speciale A

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uptake of [14C]-azithromycin into THP-1 human monocytes was determined at pH 7.4, 6.8 or 5.5 over 4-log antibiotic concentrations for 24 h under a number of conditions. Stimulation of cells was with bacteria, latex beads, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or zymogen A. Subcellular organelle disposition was determined after is...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Hall IH,Schwab UE,Ward ES,Butts JD,Wolford ET,Ives TJ

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Few studies have studied the frequency of over-the-counter acquisition of antibiotics in western countries. In order to provide an insight into these practices in Malta, attitudes towards antibiotic use in the general public were researched through a structured interview. Nineteen percent admitted that they took antib...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Borg MA,Scicluna EA

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth of Staphylococcus aureus in the presence of salicylate leads to reduced ciprofloxacin and ethidium accumulation and increased resistance to ethidium. Salicylate induced reduction in ciprofloxacin accumulation is energy-independent while salicylate induced alterations in ethidium accumulation and efflux is proto...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Price CT,Kaatz GW,Gustafson JE

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in children are associated with serious consequences in terms of morbidity and mortality. The main objective of the study was to determine if invasive infections caused by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) differed in clinical presentation, outcome, risk ...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Quach C,Weiss K,Moore D,Rubin E,McGeer A,Low DE

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To compare the antimicrobial effects (AMEs) of two quinolones in terms of the AUC/MIC- and dose (D)-response relationships, five differentially susceptible clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were exposed to decreasing concentrations of ciprofloxacin (two 12-h doses with T(1/2) = 4 h) and trovafloxacin (a sing...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Lubenko IY,Vostrov SN,Portnoy YA,Zinner SH,Firsov AA

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two general strategies have been adopted to develop catheter materials that resist encrustaion by bacterial biofilms: (a) the incorporation of antimicrobial agents into the polymers and (b) the production of materials with surface properties which prevent the adherence of bacterial cells. Our experience to develop non...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Stickler DJ,Evans A,Morris N,Hughes G

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biofilm production in Staphylococcus epidermidis is an important virulence factor that is mediated by the expression of the icaADBC operon. In this study 41 S. epidermidis isolates obtained from catheter-related urinary tract infections were analyzed for the presence of the icaADBC operon and biofilm formation. Eighte...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Cho SH,Naber K,Hacker J,Ziebuhr W

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ceftriaxone was introduced into clinical practice in the USA in 1985 and was the first extended-spectrum (third-generation) cephalosporin approved for once-daily treatment of patients with Gram-positive or Gram-negative infections. Review of ceftriaxone activity is important given its continued use since the mid-1980s...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Karlowsky JA,Jones ME,Mayfield DC,Thornsberry C,Sahm DF

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro pharmacokinetic models are excellent tools with which to study an antibacterial's pharmacodynamics (pD), being flexible, adaptable, low cost, and correlating well with animal and human systems. They can be used to perform simple descriptive studies on antibacterial effect, determine the dominant pD factor and...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： MacGowan A,Bowker K

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The comparative safety of azithromycin was assessed in adult patients (> or =12 years) with community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Of 3229 patients evaluated, 1616 received azithromycin 500 mg once daily for 3 days and 1613 received standard regimens of amoxycillin, amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, cefaclor, cla...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Treadway G,Pontani D,Reisman A

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an open-label emergency-use study, 23 patients with bacterial infections caused by multiply drug resistant pathogens were treated with clinafloxacin. Efficacy and safety were evaluated by tabulating investigators' assessments at the end of treatment, treatment discontinuations and adverse event data. Most of the pa...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Shah P,Trostmann U,Tack K

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus pneumoniae causes invasive disease world-wide and in all age groups. The reported incidence varies geographically and is increased in certain population groups. The incidence is highest in children less than 2 years and is also increased in the elderly. Mortality remains substantial even in the developed...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Parsons HK,Dockrell DH

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro activity of imipenem and meropenem on strains of Gram-negative rods producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and inducible beta-lactamase (IBL) was studied using the Etest. In all, 185 strains from the surgical intensive care units of four different hospitals were looked at over 2 years. Of these...

journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents

authors： Kocazeybek BS,Arabaci U

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00